Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Leap-frog, sentence 19
Hereupon the King said, “There is nothing above my daughter; therefore to bound up to her is the highest jump that can be made; but for this, one must possess understanding, and the Leap-frog has shown that he has understanding.
Who acts: Hereupon, nothing, one, Grasshopper · What happens: say, be, bound up, make, possess, show · To what, where: highest jump, Hereupon, understanding, Leap frog · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Leap-frog. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hereupon, nothing, one, Grasshopper), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hereupon | Hereupon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 said | nsubj |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 King | det |
| 3 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Hereupon | appos |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 is | punct |
| 6 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 is | punct |
| 7 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 8 is | expl |
| 8 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 said | ccomp |
| 9 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 8 is | nsubj |
| 10 | above | above | ADP | _ | 12 daughter | case |
| 11 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 daughter | nmod:poss |
| 12 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 nothing | nmod |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 bound | punct |
| 14 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 16 bound | advmod |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 bound | mark |
| 16 | bound | bound | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 said | conj |
| 17 | up | up | ADP | _ | 16 bound | compound:prt |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 her | case |
| 19 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 jump | obl |
| 20 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 jump | cop |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 jump | det |
| 22 | highest | high | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 23 jump | amod |
| 23 | jump | jump | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 bound | obl |
| 24 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 made | obl |
| 25 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 27 made | aux |
| 26 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 27 made | aux:pass |
| 27 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 jump | acl:relcl |
| 28 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 35 possess | punct |
| 29 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 35 possess | cc |
| 30 | for | for | ADP | _ | 31 this | case |
| 31 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 33 one | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 this | punct |
| 33 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 35 possess | nsubj |
| 34 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 35 possess | aux |
| 35 | possess | possess | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 said | parataxis |
| 36 | understanding | understanding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 possess | obj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 shown | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 shown | cc |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 frog | det |
| 40 | Leap | leap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 frog | compound |
| 41 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 40 Leap | punct |
| 42 | frog | frog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 shown | nsubj:pass |
| 43 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 44 shown | aux |
| 44 | shown | show | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 35 possess | conj |
| 45 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 47 has | mark |
| 46 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 47 has | nsubj |
| 47 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 44 shown | ccomp |
| 48 | understanding | understanding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 has | obj |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Hereupon | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | be in a quote | present | nothing | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | bound up in a quote | to-infinitive | Hereupon not said here | therefore property | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | is a in a quote | present | the highest jump | Hereupon | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | make in a quote | can · passive | the highest jump | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP» | |||||
| 6 | possess in a quote | must | one | understanding | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot understanding=Theme | ||||
| 7 | show in a quote | present · perfect · passive | the Leap frog | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | |||||
| 8 | have in a quote | present | Grasshopper | understanding | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent understanding=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/16/19/