Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Swineherd, sentence 21

Charmant!” exclaimed the ladies; for they all used to chatter French, each one worse than her neighbor.

Who acts: Charmant, ladies · What happens: exclaim, use, chatter · To what, where: ladies, French

This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Swineherd. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Charmant, ladies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Charmant	Charmant	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 exclaimed	nsubj
2	!	!	PUNCT	_	1 Charmant	punct
3	”	"	PUNCT	_	1 Charmant	punct
4	exclaimed	exclaim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 ladies	det
6	ladies	lady	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 exclaimed	obj
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 used	punct
8	for	for	SCONJ	_	11 used	mark
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 used	nsubj
10	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	11 used	advmod
11	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 exclaimed	conj
12	to	to	PART	_	13 chatter	mark
13	chatter	chatter	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 used	xcomp
14	French	French	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 chatter	obj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 one	punct
16	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	17 one	det
17	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 French	appos
18	worse	bad	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	17 one	amod
19	than	than	ADP	_	21 neighbor	case
20	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	21 neighbor	nmod:poss
21	neighbor	neighbor	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 worse	obl
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 exclaimed	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	exclaim speech: express in a quote	past	Charmant	the ladies	vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent lady=Topic
2	use in a quote	past	ladies = lady		vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
3	chatter in a quote	to-infinitive	ladies = lady not said here	French	vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent french=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/3/21/