Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Shoes of Fortune, part 5, sentence 105
The heat oppressive to suffocation--the gnats hummed and stung unceasingly--the “miserabili” without whined and moaned in their sleep.
Who acts: heat, gnats · What happens: hum, sting, whine, moan, sleep
This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Shoes of Fortune, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heat, gnats), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 heat | det |
| 2 | heat | heat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 hummed | nsubj |
| 3 | oppressive | oppressive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 heat | amod |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 suffocation | case |
| 5 | suffocation | suffocation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 oppressive | obl |
| 6 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 2 heat | punct |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 gnats | det |
| 8 | gnats | gnat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 hummed | nsubj |
| 9 | hummed | hum | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 stung | cc |
| 11 | stung | sting | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 hummed | conj |
| 12 | unceasingly | unceasingly | ADV | _ | 11 stung | advmod |
| 13 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 16 miserabili | punct |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 miserabili | det |
| 15 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 miserabili | punct |
| 16 | miserabili | miserabili | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 stung | parataxis |
| 17 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 miserabili | punct |
| 18 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 19 whined | mark |
| 19 | whined | whine | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 stung | advcl |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 moaned | cc |
| 21 | moaned | moan | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 whined | conj |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 sleep | case |
| 23 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 sleep | nmod:poss |
| 24 | sleep | sleep | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 moaned | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 hummed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hum | past | the heat | vn bulge-47.5.3 «NP V»: agent=Location | |||||
| 2 | sting | past | the heat not said here | unceasingly property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | whine | participle | the heat not said here | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | moan | participle | the heat not said here | in gnats's sleep | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in sleep=Theme | ||||
| 5 | sleep | gnats = gnat | nom sleep «state intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/9/105/