Fifty Famous Stories Retold, The Black Douglas., sentence 29

All at once a gruff voice was heard behind her, saying, "Don't be so sure about that!"

What happens: hear, say, not be · To what, where: gruff voice · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, The Black Douglas.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	8 heard	advmod
2	at	at	ADP	_	3 once	case
3	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	8 heard	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 voice	det
5	gruff	gruff	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 voice	amod
6	voice	voice	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 heard	nsubj
7	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 heard	aux:pass
8	heard	hear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
9	behind	behind	ADP	_	10 her	case
10	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 heard	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 saying	punct
12	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 heard	advcl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 sure	punct
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	19 sure	punct
15	Do	do	AUX	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	19 sure	aux
16	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	19 sure	advmod
17	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	19 sure	cop
18	so	so	ADV	_	19 sure	advmod
19	sure	sure	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 saying	conj
20	about	about	ADP	_	21 that	case
21	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	19 sure	obl
22	!	!	PUNCT	_	8 heard	punct
23	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 heard	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	hear	past · passive	a gruff voice	behind Hush	vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus
2	say speech: express	gerund			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	not is in a quote	infinitive · do-support		about that; sure property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 18442 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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