Fifty Famous Stories Retold, The Black Douglas., sentence 8
There was a large cas-tle in Scotland which the English had taken early in the war.
Who acts: large cas · What happens: be, take · To what, where: English, war
This is a sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, The Black Douglas.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (large cas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 was | expl |
| 2 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 cas | det |
| 4 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 cas | amod |
| 5 | cas | ca | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 was | nsubj |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 tle | punct |
| 7 | tle | tle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 cas | conj |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 Scotland | case |
| 9 | Scotland | Scotland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 tle | nmod |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 taken | obj |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 English | det |
| 12 | English | English | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 taken | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 taken | aux |
| 14 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 tle | acl:relcl |
| 15 | early | early | ADV | Degree=Pos | 14 taken | advmod |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 war | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 war | det |
| 18 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 taken | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 was | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | a large cas and tle in Scotland | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | take | past · perfect · passive | the English | the war | early property | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme which=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 18442 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg18442/13/8/