Fifty Famous Stories Retold, Other Wise Men of Gotham., sentence 13

"Who chopped those trees down in my way?" he asked of two country lads that were passing by.

Who acts: king, two country lads · What happens: chop down, ask, pass by · To what, where: trees, way · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Other Wise Men of Gotham.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, two country lads), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 chopped	punct
2	Who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 chopped	nsubj
3	chopped	chop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 asked	ccomp
4	those	that	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	5 trees	det
5	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 chopped	obj
6	down	down	ADV	_	3 chopped	advmod
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 way	case
8	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 way	nmod:poss
9	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 chopped	obl
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 chopped	punct
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 chopped	punct
12	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 asked	nsubj
13	asked	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
14	of	of	ADP	_	17 lads	case
15	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	17 lads	nummod
16	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 lads	compound
17	lads	lad	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 asked	obl
18	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	20 passing	nsubj
19	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 passing	aux
20	passing	pass	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	17 lads	acl:relcl
21	by	by	ADP	_	20 passing	obl
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 asked	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	chop down in a quote	past		that trees	my way	down property	vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent tree=Patient in way=Location
2	ask speech: ask	past	king			of two country lads	vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V PP.recipient how S»: agent=Agent of lad=Recipient clause=Topic
3	pass by	past · progressive	two country lads				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 18442 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg18442/15/13/