Fifty Famous Stories Retold, Sir Humphrey Gilbert., sentence 3

The land was covered with forests; and where there are now great cities and fine farms there were only trees and swamps among which roamed wild In-di-ans and wild beasts.

Who acts: trees, swamps · What happens: cover, be, roam · To what, where: land, great cities, di ans

This is a sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Sir Humphrey Gilbert.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trees, swamps), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 land	det
2	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 covered	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 covered	aux:pass
4	covered	cover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	with	with	ADP	_	6 forests	case
6	forests	forest	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 covered	obl
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 cities	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 cities	cc
9	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	11 are	advmod
10	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	11 are	expl
11	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 cities	cop
12	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	11 are	advmod
13	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 cities	amod
14	cities	city	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 covered	obl
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 farms	cc
16	fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 farms	amod
17	farms	farm	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 cities	conj
18	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	19 were	expl
19	were	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 cities	conj
20	only	only	ADV	_	21 trees	advmod
21	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 were	nsubj
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 swamps	cc
23	swamps	swamp	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 cities	conj
24	among	among	ADP	_	25 which	case
25	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	26 roamed	nsubj
26	roamed	roam	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 swamps	acl:relcl
27	wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 roamed	xcomp
28	In	in	ADP	_	32 ans	case
29	-	-	PUNCT	_	28 In	punct
30	di	di	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 ans	compound
31	-	-	PUNCT	_	30 di	punct
32	ans	an	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 roamed	obl
33	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 beasts	cc
34	wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 beasts	amod
35	beasts	beast	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 ans	conj
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 covered	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	cover	past · passive		the land		with forests	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with forest=Theme
2	is a	present		great cities and fine farms and swamps			tree rules
3	be	past	trees		there		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	roam	past	swamps		di ans and wild beasts	wild property	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in an=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 18442 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg18442/19/3/