Fifty Famous Stories Retold, Horatius At the Bridge., sentence 9
If they once gain the bridge, we cannot hinder them from crossing; and then what hope will there be for the town?"
Who acts: Fathers, we · What happens: gain, not hinder, cross, hope, be · To what, where: bridge, Fathers
This is a sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Horatius At the Bridge.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fathers, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 4 gain | mark |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 gain | nsubj |
| 3 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 4 gain | advmod |
| 4 | gain | gain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 hinder | advcl |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 bridge | det |
| 6 | bridge | bridge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 gain | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 gain | punct |
| 8 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 11 hinder | nsubj |
| 9 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 hinder | aux |
| 10 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 11 hinder | advmod |
| 11 | hinder | hinder | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 12 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 hinder | obj |
| 13 | from | from | SCONJ | _ | 14 crossing | mark |
| 14 | crossing | cross | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 hinder | advcl |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 hope | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 hope | cc |
| 17 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 19 hope | advmod |
| 18 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 19 hope | nsubj |
| 19 | hope | hope | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 hinder | conj |
| 20 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 there | aux |
| 21 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 19 hope | advmod |
| 22 | be | be | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 hope | xcomp |
| 23 | for | for | ADP | _ | 25 town | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 town | det |
| 25 | town | town | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 be | obl |
| 26 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 11 hinder | punct |
| 27 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 hinder | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | gain a condition, not said to happen | present | Fathers = father | the bridge | once property | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bridge=Theme | |||
| 2 | not hinder | can | we | Fathers = father | vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer they=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | cross | gerund | we not said here | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | hope | present | there | then | vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | ||||
| 5 | be not said to happen | infinitive | for the town | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 18442 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg18442/31/9/