Fifty Famous Stories Retold, Julius Caesar., sentence 17
"Laugh as you will," said Caesar, "he has reason to be proud.
Who acts: Caesar · What happens: laugh, say, have, be · To what, where: reason · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Julius Caesar.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Caesar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Laugh | punct |
| 2 | Laugh | laugh | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 said | ccomp |
| 3 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 5 will | mark |
| 4 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 5 will | nsubj |
| 5 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 2 Laugh | advcl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Laugh | punct |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Laugh | punct |
| 8 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | Caesar | Caesar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 said | nsubj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 has | punct |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 has | punct |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 has | nsubj |
| 13 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 said | conj |
| 14 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 has | obj |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 proud | mark |
| 16 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 17 proud | cop |
| 17 | proud | proud | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 reason | acl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | laugh in a quote | infinitive | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Caesar | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | have in a quote | present | Caesar | reason | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Patient | ||||
| 4 | is in a quote | to-infinitive | Caesar not said here | reason not said here | proud property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 18442 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg18442/32/17/