Fifty Famous Stories Retold, The Sword of Damocles., sentence 30
"Yes," said Di-o-nys-i-us, "I know there is a sword above your head, and that it may fall at any moment.
Who acts: Di, sword, head · What happens: say, know, be, fall · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, The Sword of Damocles.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Di, sword, head), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
| 2 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 5 said | discourse |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Yes | punct |
| 4 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Yes | punct |
| 5 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | Di | Di | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 said | nsubj |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 us | punct |
| 8 | o | of | ADP | Abbr=Yes | 14 us | case |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 o | punct |
| 10 | nys | ny | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 us | nsubj |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 us | punct |
| 12 | i | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 us | nsubj |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 us | punct |
| 14 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 Di | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 know | punct |
| 16 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 18 know | punct |
| 17 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 18 know | nsubj |
| 18 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 said | ccomp |
| 19 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 20 is | expl |
| 20 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 know | ccomp |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 sword | det |
| 22 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 is | nsubj |
| 23 | above | above | ADP | _ | 25 head | case |
| 24 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 head | nmod:poss |
| 25 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 sword | nmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 fall | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 fall | cc |
| 28 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 31 fall | mark |
| 29 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 fall | nsubj |
| 30 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 31 fall | aux |
| 31 | fall | fall | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 know | conj |
| 32 | at | at | ADP | _ | 34 moment | case |
| 33 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 34 moment | det |
| 34 | moment | moment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 fall | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Di of us | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | know in a quote | present | Di of us = di | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | be in a quote | present | a sword above your head | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | fall in a quote | may | head | moment | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 18442 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg18442/33/30/