Fifty Famous Stories Retold, The Inchcape Rock., sentence 3
Many boats and ships have been wrecked on that rock; for it is so near the top of the water that no vessel can sail over it without striking it.
Who acts: rock, vessel · What happens: wreck, be, sail, strike · To what, where: Many boats, rock, top
This is a sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, The Inchcape Rock.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rock, vessel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 boats | amod |
| 2 | boats | boat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 wrecked | nsubj |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 ships | cc |
| 4 | ships | ship | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 boats | conj |
| 5 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 wrecked | aux |
| 6 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 wrecked | aux:pass |
| 7 | wrecked | wreck | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 rock | case |
| 9 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 10 rock | det |
| 10 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 wrecked | obl |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 top | punct |
| 12 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 18 top | mark |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 top | nsubj |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 top | cop |
| 15 | so | so | ADV | _ | 18 top | advmod |
| 16 | near | near | ADP | _ | 18 top | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 top | det |
| 18 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 wrecked | obl |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 water | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 water | det |
| 21 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 top | nmod |
| 22 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 sail | obj |
| 23 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 24 vessel | det |
| 24 | vessel | vessel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 sail | nsubj |
| 25 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 sail | aux |
| 26 | sail | sail | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 top | acl:relcl |
| 27 | over | over | ADP | _ | 28 it | case |
| 28 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 sail | obl |
| 29 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 30 striking | mark |
| 30 | striking | strike | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 26 sail | advcl |
| 31 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 striking | obj |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 wrecked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wreck | present · perfect · passive | Many boats and ships | that rock | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | is | present | rock | the top | of the water | tree rules | |||
| 3 | sail | can | no vessel | the top | rock | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent that=Theme over it=Trajectory | |||
| 4 | strike | gerund | no vessel not said here | rock | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 18442 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg18442/48/3/