Fifty Famous Stories Retold, He Never Smiled Again., sentence 2
He lived, for life may long be borne Ere sorrow breaks its chain: Why comes not death to those who mourn?
Who acts: bark, Ere sorrow · What happens: live, bear, break, not come, mourn · To what, where: life, chain, death, those
This is a sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, He Never Smiled Again.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bark, Ere sorrow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 lived | nsubj |
| 2 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 borne | punct |
| 4 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 9 borne | mark |
| 5 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 borne | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 borne | aux |
| 7 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 9 borne | advmod |
| 8 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 9 borne | aux:pass |
| 9 | borne | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 breaks | advcl |
| 10 | Ere | ere | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 sorrow | amod |
| 11 | sorrow | sorrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 breaks | nsubj |
| 12 | breaks | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 lived | parataxis |
| 13 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 chain | nmod:poss |
| 14 | chain | chain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 breaks | obj |
| 15 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 17 comes | punct |
| 16 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 17 comes | advmod |
| 17 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 lived | parataxis |
| 18 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 comes | advmod |
| 19 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 comes | obl |
| 20 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 those | case |
| 21 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 17 comes | obl |
| 22 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 23 mourn | nsubj |
| 23 | mourn | mourn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 those | acl:relcl |
| 24 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 lived | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | past | bark | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | bear | may · passive | life | long property | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 3 | break | present | Ere sorrow | sorrow's chain | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer chain=Patient | ||||
| 4 | not come | present | death | those | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to that=Initial_Location | ||||
| 5 | mourn | present | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 18442 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg18442/8/2/