The Aesop for Children, The Miser, sentence 6
A passerby heard his cries and asked what had happened.
Who acts: passerby, Miser · What happens: hear, ask, happen, cry · To what, where: cries · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Miser. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (passerby, Miser), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 passerby | det |
| 2 | passerby | passerby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 cries | nmod:poss |
| 5 | cries | cry | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 heard | obj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 asked | cc |
| 7 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 heard | conj |
| 8 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 10 happened | nsubj |
| 9 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 happened | aux |
| 10 | happened | happen | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 asked | ccomp |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | a passerby | Miser's cries | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer cry=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | past | a passerby not said here | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | happen | past · perfect | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | cry | Miser | nom cry «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 19994 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg19994/106/6/