The Aesop for Children, The Dog and His Reflection, sentence 2
As he crossed a narrow footbridge, he happened to look down and saw himself reflected in the quiet water as if in a mirror.
Who acts: Dog · What happens: cross, happen, look down, see, reflect · To what, where: narrow footbridge, Dog, quiet water
This is a sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Dog and His Reflection. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 3 crossed | mark |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 crossed | nsubj |
| 3 | crossed | cross | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 happened | advcl |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 footbridge | det |
| 5 | narrow | narrow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 footbridge | amod |
| 6 | footbridge | footbridge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 crossed | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 crossed | punct |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 happened | nsubj |
| 9 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 look | mark |
| 11 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 happened | xcomp |
| 12 | down | down | ADP | _ | 11 look | compound:prt |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 saw | cc |
| 14 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 happened | conj |
| 15 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 14 saw | obj |
| 16 | reflected | reflect | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 saw | xcomp |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 water | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 water | det |
| 19 | quiet | quiet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 water | amod |
| 20 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 reflected | obl |
| 21 | as | as | ADP | _ | 25 mirror | case |
| 22 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 25 mirror | mark |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 mirror | case |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 mirror | det |
| 25 | mirror | mirror | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 reflected | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 happened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cross | past | Dog | a narrow footbridge | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent footbridge=Patient | ||||
| 2 | happen | past | Dog | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | look down | to-infinitive | Dog not said here | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 4 | see | past | Dog not said here | Dog | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | reflect | participle | Dog not said here | the quiet water | as a mirror | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 19994 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg19994/127/2/