The Aesop for Children, The Miller, His Son, and the Ass, sentence 22
The Ass did not dislike being carried, but so many people came up to point at him and laugh and shout, that he began to kick and bray, and then, just as they were crossing a bridge, the ropes that held him gave way, and down he tumbled into the river.
Who acts: Ass, many people, people, ropes, way · What happens: not dislike, carry, come up, point, laugh, shout · To what, where: bridge, Ass, way, river
This is a sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Miller, His Son, and the Ass. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ass, many people, people, ropes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Ass | det |
| 2 | Ass | Ass | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 dislike | nsubj |
| 3 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 dislike | aux |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 dislike | advmod |
| 5 | dislike | dislike | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 carried | aux:pass |
| 7 | carried | carry | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 dislike | xcomp |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 came | punct |
| 9 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 13 came | cc |
| 10 | so | so | ADV | _ | 11 many | advmod |
| 11 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 people | amod |
| 12 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 came | nsubj |
| 13 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 dislike | parataxis |
| 14 | up | up | ADV | _ | 13 came | advmod |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 point | mark |
| 16 | point | point | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 came | advcl |
| 17 | at | at | ADP | _ | 18 him | case |
| 18 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 point | obl |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 laugh | cc |
| 20 | laugh | laugh | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 point | conj |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 shout | cc |
| 22 | shout | shout | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 laugh | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 began | punct |
| 24 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 26 began | mark |
| 25 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 began | nsubj |
| 26 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 shout | parataxis |
| 27 | to | to | PART | _ | 28 kick | mark |
| 28 | kick | kick | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 began | xcomp |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 bray | cc |
| 30 | bray | bray | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 kick | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 gave | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 gave | cc |
| 33 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 39 crossing | advmod |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 crossing | punct |
| 35 | just | just | ADV | _ | 39 crossing | advmod |
| 36 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 39 crossing | mark |
| 37 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 crossing | nsubj |
| 38 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 crossing | aux |
| 39 | crossing | cross | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 48 gave | advcl |
| 40 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 bridge | det |
| 41 | bridge | bridge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 crossing | obj |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 ropes | punct |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 ropes | det |
| 44 | ropes | rope | NOUN | Number=Plur | 48 gave | nsubj |
| 45 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 46 held | nsubj |
| 46 | held | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 44 ropes | acl:relcl |
| 47 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 held | obj |
| 48 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 dislike | parataxis |
| 49 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 gave | obj |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 tumbled | punct |
| 51 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 54 tumbled | cc |
| 52 | down | down | ADV | _ | 54 tumbled | advmod |
| 53 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 54 tumbled | nsubj |
| 54 | tumbled | tumble | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 48 gave | conj |
| 55 | into | into | ADP | _ | 57 river | case |
| 56 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 57 river | det |
| 57 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 tumbled | obl |
| 58 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 dislike | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not dislike | past · do-support | the Ass | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | carry | gerund · passive | the Ass not said here | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP» | |||||
| 3 | come up | past | many people | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | point | to-infinitive | many people not said here | at Ass | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | laugh | infinitive | many people not said here | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | shout speech: express | infinitive | many people not said here | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | begin | past | Ass | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 8 | kick | to-infinitive | Ass not said here | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 9 | bray | infinitive | Ass not said here | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 10 | cross | past · progressive | people | a bridge | then | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bridge=Patient | |||
| 11 | hold | past | the ropes | Ass | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | ||||
| 12 | give | past | the ropes | way | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Theme | ||||
| 13 | tumble | past | way | the river | down property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into river=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 19994 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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