The Aesop for Children, The Ass in the Lion's Skin, sentence 4
The Ass was so pleased to see the animals running away from him, just as if he were King Lion himself, that he could not keep from expressing his delight by a loud, harsh bray.
Who acts: Ass, animals · What happens: be, see, run away, not keep, express, delight · To what, where: animals, delight
This is a sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Ass in the Lion's Skin. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ass, animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Ass | det |
| 2 | Ass | ass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 pleased | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 pleased | cop |
| 4 | so | so | ADV | _ | 5 pleased | advmod |
| 5 | pleased | pleased | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 see | mark |
| 7 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 pleased | xcomp |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 animals | det |
| 9 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 see | obj |
| 10 | running | run | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 animals | acl |
| 11 | away | away | ADV | _ | 10 running | advmod |
| 12 | from | from | ADP | _ | 13 him | case |
| 13 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 running | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 Lion | punct |
| 15 | just | just | ADV | _ | 21 Lion | advmod |
| 16 | as | as | ADP | _ | 21 Lion | case |
| 17 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 21 Lion | mark |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 Lion | nsubj |
| 19 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 Lion | cop |
| 20 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 Lion | compound |
| 21 | Lion | Lion | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 see | obl |
| 22 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 21 Lion | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 keep | punct |
| 24 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 28 keep | mark |
| 25 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 keep | nsubj |
| 26 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 keep | aux |
| 27 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 28 keep | advmod |
| 28 | keep | keep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 see | conj |
| 29 | from | from | SCONJ | _ | 30 expressing | mark |
| 30 | expressing | express | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 28 keep | advcl |
| 31 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 delight | nmod:poss |
| 32 | delight | delight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 expressing | obj |
| 33 | by | by | ADP | _ | 38 bray | case |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 bray | det |
| 35 | loud | loud | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 bray | amod |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 loud | punct |
| 37 | harsh | harsh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 bray | amod |
| 38 | bray | bray | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 expressing | obl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 pleased | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the Ass | pleased property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | see | to-infinitive | the Ass not said here | the animals | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer animal=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | run away | gerund | the animals not said here | from Ass; away property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from he=Trajectory | ||||
| 4 | is a condition, not said to happen | past | Ass | as King Lion; Ass nmod | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | not keep | could | Ass | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | express | gerund | Ass not said here | Ass's delight | by a loud harsh bray | vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent delight=Theme | |||
| 7 | delight | Ass | nom delight «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 19994 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg19994/147/4/