The Aesop for Children, The Bundle of Sticks, sentence 8
"My Sons," said the Father, "do you not see how certain it is that if you agree with each other and help each other, it will be impossible for your enemies to injure you?
Who acts: Sons, you, bundle · What happens: say, not see, be, agree, help, injure · To what, where: each, you · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Bundle of Sticks. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sons, you, bundle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 Sons | punct |
| 2 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 Sons | nmod:poss |
| 3 | Sons | son | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 said | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 Sons | punct |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 Sons | punct |
| 6 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Father | det |
| 8 | Father | Father | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 said | nsubj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 see | punct |
| 10 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 see | punct |
| 11 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 see | aux |
| 12 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 14 see | nsubj |
| 13 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 14 see | advmod |
| 14 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 said | conj |
| 15 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 16 certain | advmod |
| 16 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 see | xcomp |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 certain | nsubj |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 certain | cop |
| 19 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 22 agree | mark |
| 20 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 22 agree | mark |
| 21 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 22 agree | nsubj |
| 22 | agree | agree | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 certain | advcl |
| 23 | with | with | ADP | _ | 24 each | case |
| 24 | each | each | DET | ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp | 22 agree | obl |
| 25 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 each | fixed |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 help | cc |
| 27 | help | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 agree | conj |
| 28 | each | each | DET | ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp | 27 help | obj |
| 29 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 each | fixed |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 impossible | punct |
| 31 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 impossible | expl |
| 32 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 impossible | aux |
| 33 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 34 impossible | cop |
| 34 | impossible | impossible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 see | parataxis |
| 35 | for | for | ADP | _ | 37 enemies | case |
| 36 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 enemies | nmod:poss |
| 37 | enemies | enemy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 impossible | obl |
| 38 | to | to | PART | _ | 39 injure | mark |
| 39 | injure | injure | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 impossible | advcl |
| 40 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 39 injure | obj |
| 41 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 6 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: ask | past | My Sons | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | not see in a quote | present · do-support | you | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 3 | is in a quote | present | bundle | certain property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | agree speech: agree a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present | you | with each | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.co-agent how S»: agent=Agent with each=Co-Agent | ||||
| 5 | help in a quote | present | you not said here | each | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent each=Beneficiary | ||||
| 6 | is in a quote | future | for your enemies; impossible property | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | injure in a quote | to-infinitive | you | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 19994 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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