Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 8, sentence 109
A Hedgehog, passing by, saw his anguish and inquired if he should drive away the flies that were tormenting him.
Who acts: Hedgehog, flies · What happens: pass by, see, inquire, drive away, torment, anguish · To what, where: anguish, flies, Hedgehog
This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hedgehog, flies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 Hedgehog | det |
| 2 | Hedgehog | hedgehog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 saw | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 passing | punct |
| 4 | passing | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 Hedgehog | acl |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 4 passing | fixed |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Hedgehog | punct |
| 7 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 anguish | nmod:poss |
| 9 | anguish | anguish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 saw | obj |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 inquired | cc |
| 11 | inquired | inquire | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 saw | conj |
| 12 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 15 drive | mark |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 drive | nsubj |
| 14 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 drive | aux |
| 15 | drive | drive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 inquired | advcl |
| 16 | away | away | ADV | _ | 15 drive | advmod |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 flies | det |
| 18 | flies | fly | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 drive | obj |
| 19 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 tormenting | nsubj |
| 20 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 tormenting | aux |
| 21 | tormenting | torment | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 18 flies | acl:relcl |
| 22 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 tormenting | obj |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pass by | gerund | a Hedgehog not said here | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | see | past | a Hedgehog | Hedgehog's anguish | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer anguish=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | inquire speech: other | past | a Hedgehog not said here | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | drive away a condition, not said to happen | should | Hedgehog | the flies | away property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fly=Theme | |||
| 5 | torment | past · progressive | the flies | Hedgehog | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer | ||||
| 6 | anguish | Hedgehog | nom anguish «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/10/109/