Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 8, sentence 11
The Lion said, “Who has taught you, my very excellent fellow, the art of division?
Who acts: Lion · What happens: say, teach · To what, where: you · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Lion | det |
| 2 | Lion | Lion | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 taught | punct |
| 5 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 taught | punct |
| 6 | Who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 taught | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 taught | aux |
| 8 | taught | teach | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 said | ccomp |
| 9 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 8 taught | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 fellow | punct |
| 11 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 fellow | nmod:poss |
| 12 | very | very | ADV | _ | 13 excellent | advmod |
| 13 | excellent | excellent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 fellow | amod |
| 14 | fellow | fellow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 taught | parataxis |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 art | punct |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 art | det |
| 17 | art | art | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 fellow | conj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 division | case |
| 19 | division | division | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 art | nmod |
| 20 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: ask | past | the Lion | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | teach speech: other in a quote | present · perfect · passive | you | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient you=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/10/11/