Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 8, sentence 13
He replied, “I learned it from the Ass, by witnessing his fate.”
Who acts: Carpenter · What happens: reply, learn, witness, fate · To what, where: fraction, Ass, fate · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Carpenter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 replied | nsubj |
| 2 | replied | reply | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 learned | punct |
| 4 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 learned | punct |
| 5 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 learned | nsubj |
| 6 | learned | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 replied | conj |
| 7 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 learned | obj |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 Ass | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 Ass | det |
| 10 | Ass | ass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 learned | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 witnessing | punct |
| 12 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 13 witnessing | mark |
| 13 | witnessing | witness | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 learned | advcl |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 fate | nmod:poss |
| 15 | fate | fate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 witnessing | obj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 replied | punct |
| 17 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 replied | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reply speech: assert | past | Carpenter | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | learn in a quote | past | Carpenter | fraction | the Ass | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent it=Topic from ass=Source | |||
| 3 | witness in a quote | gerund | Carpenter not said here | Carpenter's fate | vn captain-29.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fate=Beneficiary | ||||
| 4 | fate in a quote | Carpenter | nom fate «event transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/10/13/