Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 8, sentence 39
A SHEPHERD penning his sheep in the fold for the night was about to shut up a wolf with them, when his Dog perceiving the wolf said, “Master, how can you expect the sheep to be safe if you admit a wolf into the fold?”
Who acts: SHEPHERD, Dog, you · What happens: pen, be, shut up, perceive, say, expect · To what, where: sheep, fold, wolf, Master · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (SHEPHERD, Dog, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 SHEPHERD | det |
| 2 | SHEPHERD | shepherd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 about | nsubj |
| 3 | penning | pen | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 SHEPHERD | acl |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 sheep | nmod:poss |
| 5 | sheep | sheep | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 penning | obj |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 fold | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 fold | det |
| 8 | fold | fold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 penning | obl |
| 9 | for | for | ADP | _ | 11 night | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 night | det |
| 11 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 penning | obl |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 about | cop |
| 13 | about | about | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 shut | mark |
| 15 | shut | shut | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 about | xcomp |
| 16 | up | up | ADP | _ | 15 shut | compound:prt |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 wolf | det |
| 18 | wolf | wolf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 shut | obj |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 them | case |
| 20 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 shut | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 said | punct |
| 22 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 28 said | advmod |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 Dog | nmod:poss |
| 24 | Dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 said | nsubj |
| 25 | perceiving | perceive | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 24 Dog | acl |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 wolf | det |
| 27 | wolf | wolf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 perceiving | obj |
| 28 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 about | parataxis |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 Master | punct |
| 30 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 31 Master | punct |
| 31 | Master | master | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 said | obj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 expect | punct |
| 33 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 36 expect | advmod |
| 34 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 36 expect | aux |
| 35 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 36 expect | nsubj |
| 36 | expect | expect | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 Master | acl:relcl |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 sheep | det |
| 38 | sheep | sheep | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 expect | obj |
| 39 | to | to | PART | _ | 41 safe | mark |
| 40 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 41 safe | cop |
| 41 | safe | safe | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 expect | advcl |
| 42 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 44 admit | mark |
| 43 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 44 admit | nsubj |
| 44 | admit | admit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 41 safe | advcl |
| 45 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 46 wolf | det |
| 46 | wolf | wolf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 admit | obj |
| 47 | into | into | ADP | _ | 49 fold | case |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 fold | det |
| 49 | fold | fold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 admit | obl |
| 50 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 28 said | punct |
| 51 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 about | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pen | gerund | a SHEPHERD not said here | Hound's sheep | the fold | night | vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent sheep=Theme in fold=Destination | ||
| 2 | is | past | a SHEPHERD | about property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | shut up | to-infinitive | a SHEPHERD not said here | a wolf | with shepherds = shepherd | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent wolf=Patient with they=Instrument | |||
| 4 | perceive | gerund | Hound's Dog not said here | the wolf | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer wolf=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | say speech: ask | past | Hound's Dog | Master | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent master=Topic | ||||
| 6 | expect in a quote | can | you | the sheep | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sheep=Theme | ||||
| 7 | is in a quote | to-infinitive | you not said here | safe property | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | admit speech: other a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present | you | a wolf | the fold | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wolf=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/10/39/