Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 10, sentence 84
The Ass replied that passing through a hedge he had trod with his foot upon a sharp thorn.
Who acts: Ass, feeding · What happens: reply, pass, tread · To what, where: hedge
This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ass, feeding), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Ass | det |
| 2 | Ass | ass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 replied | nsubj |
| 3 | replied | reply | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 5 passing | mark |
| 5 | passing | pass | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 replied | advcl |
| 6 | through | through | ADP | _ | 8 hedge | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 hedge | det |
| 8 | hedge | hedge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 passing | obl |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 trod | nsubj |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 trod | aux |
| 11 | trod | tread | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 hedge | acl:relcl |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 14 foot | case |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 foot | nmod:poss |
| 14 | foot | foot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 passing | obl |
| 15 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 18 thorn | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 thorn | det |
| 17 | sharp | sharp | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 thorn | amod |
| 18 | thorn | thorn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 passing | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 replied | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reply speech: assert | past | the Ass | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | pass | gerund | the Ass not said here | a hedge | with feeding's foot; upon a sharp thorn | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through hedge=Location | |||
| 3 | tread | past · perfect | feeding | a hedge not said here | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location hedge=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/12/84/