Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 11, sentence 10
The Draught-Mule replied, “I do not heed your threats; I only care for him who sits above you, and who quickens my pace with his whip, or holds me back with the reins.
Who acts: Draught Mule · What happens: reply, not heed, care, sit, quicken, hold back · To what, where: threats, pace, Draught Mule · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Draught Mule), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Mule | det |
| 2 | Draught | draught | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 Mule | compound |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 Draught | punct |
| 4 | Mule | Mule | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 replied | nsubj |
| 5 | replied | reply | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 heed | punct |
| 7 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 heed | punct |
| 8 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 11 heed | nsubj |
| 9 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 heed | aux |
| 10 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 11 heed | advmod |
| 11 | heed | heed | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 replied | conj |
| 12 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 threats | nmod:poss |
| 13 | threats | threat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 heed | obj |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 care | punct |
| 15 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 care | nsubj |
| 16 | only | only | ADV | _ | 17 care | advmod |
| 17 | care | care | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 replied | parataxis |
| 18 | for | for | ADP | _ | 19 him | case |
| 19 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 care | obl |
| 20 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 sits | nsubj |
| 21 | sits | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 care | conj |
| 22 | above | above | ADP | _ | 23 you | case |
| 23 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 21 sits | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 quickens | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 quickens | cc |
| 26 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 quickens | nsubj |
| 27 | quickens | quicken | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 replied | parataxis |
| 28 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 pace | nmod:poss |
| 29 | pace | pace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 quickens | obj |
| 30 | with | with | ADP | _ | 32 whip | case |
| 31 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 whip | nmod:poss |
| 32 | whip | whip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 quickens | obl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 holds | punct |
| 34 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 35 holds | cc |
| 35 | holds | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 quickens | conj |
| 36 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 35 holds | obj |
| 37 | back | back | ADV | _ | 35 holds | advmod |
| 38 | with | with | ADP | _ | 40 reins | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 reins | det |
| 40 | reins | rein | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 holds | obl |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 replied | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reply speech: assert | past | the Draught Mule | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | not heed in a quote | present · do-support | the Draught Mule = mule | your threats | vn abide_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent threat=Theme | ||||
| 3 | care in a quote | present | the Draught Mule = mule | for Mule | vn caring-75.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent for he=Theme | ||||
| 4 | sit in a quote | present | above you | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent above you=Location | |||||
| 5 | quicken in a quote | present | my pace | with Mule's whip | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent pace=Patient with whip=Instrument | ||||
| 6 | hold back in a quote | present | the Draught Mule = mule | with the reins | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/13/10/