Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 13, sentence 3
He resolved to cut it down, and taking his axe in his hand, made a bold stroke at its roots.
Who acts: Tree · What happens: resolve, cut down, take, make · To what, where: fruit, axe, hand, bold stroke, roots
This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tree), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 resolved | nsubj |
| 2 | resolved | resolve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | PART | _ | 4 cut | mark |
| 4 | cut | cut | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 resolved | xcomp |
| 5 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 cut | obj |
| 6 | down | down | ADP | _ | 4 cut | compound:prt |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 taking | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 taking | cc |
| 9 | taking | take | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 resolved | advcl |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 axe | nmod:poss |
| 11 | axe | axe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 taking | obj |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 hand | case |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 hand | nmod:poss |
| 14 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 taking | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 made | punct |
| 16 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 resolved | conj |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 stroke | det |
| 18 | bold | bold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 stroke | amod |
| 19 | stroke | stroke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 made | obj |
| 20 | at | at | ADP | _ | 22 roots | case |
| 21 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 roots | nmod:poss |
| 22 | roots | root | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 made | obl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 resolved | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | resolve | past | Tree | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | cut down | to-infinitive | Tree not said here | fruit | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product | ||||
| 3 | take | gerund | Tree not said here | Tree's axe | Tree's hand | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent axe=Value in hand=Location | |||
| 4 | make | past | Tree not said here | a bold stroke | fruit's roots | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset stroke=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/15/3/