Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 13, sentence 40
“And for what cause,” he asked, “have you left the city to dwell alone here in the wilderness?”
Who acts: Fox, you · What happens: cause, ask, leave, dwell · To what, where: city, wilderness · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fox, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 asked | punct |
| 2 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 cause | cc |
| 3 | for | for | ADP | _ | 4 what | case |
| 4 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 5 cause | nsubj |
| 5 | cause | cause | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 asked | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 cause | punct |
| 7 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 cause | punct |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 asked | nsubj |
| 9 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 left | punct |
| 11 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 left | punct |
| 12 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 left | aux |
| 13 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 14 left | nsubj |
| 14 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 asked | ccomp |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 city | det |
| 16 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 left | obj |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 dwell | mark |
| 18 | dwell | dwell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 left | advcl |
| 19 | alone | alone | ADV | _ | 18 dwell | advmod |
| 20 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 18 dwell | advmod |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 wilderness | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 wilderness | det |
| 23 | wilderness | wilderness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 dwell | obl |
| 24 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 9 asked | punct |
| 25 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cause in a quote | tree rules | |||||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | past | Fox | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | leave in a quote | present | you | the city | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent city=Theme | ||||
| 4 | dwell in a quote | to-infinitive | you not said here | the wilderness; here | alone property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in wilderness=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/15/40/