Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 13, sentence 44
On his reaching the river Nile he saw a Lion on its bank and being fearfully afraid, climbed up a tree.
Who acts: Minerva · What happens: reach, see, be, climb up · To what, where: Lion, reaching river Nile, tree
This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Minerva), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 6 Nile | case |
| 2 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 Nile | nmod:poss |
| 3 | reaching | reach | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 6 Nile | amod |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 Nile | det |
| 5 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 Nile | compound |
| 6 | Nile | Nile | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 saw | obl |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 saw | nsubj |
| 8 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 Lion | det |
| 10 | Lion | Lion | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 saw | obj |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 13 bank | case |
| 12 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 bank | nmod:poss |
| 13 | bank | bank | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 saw | obl |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 afraid | cc |
| 15 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 afraid | cop |
| 16 | fearfully | fearfully | ADV | _ | 17 afraid | advmod |
| 17 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 saw | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 climbed | punct |
| 19 | climbed | climb | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 afraid | conj |
| 20 | up | up | ADP | _ | 19 climbed | compound:prt |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 tree | det |
| 22 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 climbed | obj |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reach | gerund | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | see | past | Minerva | a Lion | Minerva's reaching river Nile | on Nile's bank | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer lion=Stimulus | ||
| 3 | is | gerund | Minerva not said here | afraid, fearfully property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | climb up | participle | Minerva not said here | a tree | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location tree=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/15/44/