Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 13, sentence 99
AN ASS congratulated a Horse on being so ungrudgingly and carefully provided for, while he himself had scarcely enough to eat and not even that without hard work.
Who acts: ASS, Horse · What happens: congratulate, be, provide, have, eat · To what, where: Horse, that
This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ASS, Horse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | AN | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 ASS | det |
| 2 | ASS | ass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 congratulated | nsubj |
| 3 | congratulated | congratulate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 Horse | det |
| 5 | Horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 congratulated | obj |
| 6 | on | on | SCONJ | _ | 9 ungrudgingly | mark |
| 7 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 ungrudgingly | cop |
| 8 | so | so | ADV | _ | 9 ungrudgingly | advmod |
| 9 | ungrudgingly | ungrudgingly | ADV | _ | 12 provided | advmod |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 carefully | cc |
| 11 | carefully | carefully | ADV | _ | 9 ungrudgingly | conj |
| 12 | provided | provide | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 congratulated | parataxis |
| 13 | for | for | ADP | _ | 12 provided | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 had | punct |
| 15 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 18 had | mark |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 had | nsubj |
| 17 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes | 16 he | nmod:unmarked |
| 18 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 congratulated | conj |
| 19 | scarcely | scarcely | ADV | _ | 18 had | advmod |
| 20 | enough | enough | ADV | _ | 18 had | advmod |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 eat | mark |
| 22 | eat | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 had | advcl |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 that | cc |
| 24 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 26 that | advmod |
| 25 | even | even | ADV | _ | 26 that | advmod |
| 26 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 22 eat | obl |
| 27 | without | without | ADP | _ | 29 work | case |
| 28 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 work | amod |
| 29 | work | work | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 eat | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 congratulated | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | congratulate | past | a ASS | a Horse | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is | gerund | ungrudgingly property | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | provide | participle | vn ensure-99 «NP V that S»: agent=Precondition | ||||||
| 4 | have | past | Horse | enough, scarcely property | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | eat | to-infinitive | Horse not said here | that | without hard work | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/15/99/