Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 1, sentence 20
AN ASS having heard some Grasshoppers chirping, was highly enchanted; and, desiring to possess the same charms of melody, demanded what sort of food they lived on to give them such beautiful voices.
Who acts: AN ASS, Grasshoppers, Ass · What happens: have, hear, chirp, enchant, desire, possess · To what, where: Grasshoppers, AN ASS, same charms, sort, food, such beautiful voices
This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (AN ASS, Grasshoppers, Ass), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | AN | an | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 ASS | amod |
| 2 | ASS | ass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 enchanted | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | having | have | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 ASS | acl |
| 4 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 having | xcomp |
| 5 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 6 Grasshoppers | det |
| 6 | Grasshoppers | grasshopper | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 heard | obj |
| 7 | chirping | chirp | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 6 Grasshoppers | acl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 ASS | punct |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 enchanted | aux:pass |
| 10 | highly | highly | ADV | _ | 11 enchanted | advmod |
| 11 | enchanted | enchant | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 desiring | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 desiring | cc |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 desiring | punct |
| 15 | desiring | desire | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 enchanted | advcl |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 possess | mark |
| 17 | possess | possess | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 desiring | xcomp |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 charms | det |
| 19 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 charms | amod |
| 20 | charms | charm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 possess | obj |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 melody | case |
| 22 | melody | melody | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 charms | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 demanded | punct |
| 24 | demanded | demand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 desiring | conj |
| 25 | what | what | DET | PronType=Int | 26 sort | det |
| 26 | sort | sort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 demanded | obj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 food | case |
| 28 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 sort | nmod |
| 29 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 lived | nsubj |
| 30 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 food | acl:relcl |
| 31 | on | on | ADV | _ | 30 lived | advmod |
| 32 | to | to | PART | _ | 33 give | mark |
| 33 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 lived | advcl |
| 34 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 give | iobj |
| 35 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 voices | amod |
| 36 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 voices | amod |
| 37 | voices | voice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 give | obj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 enchanted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | gerund | AN ASS not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | hear | participle | AN ASS not said here | some Grasshoppers | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer grasshopper=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | chirp | gerund | some Grasshoppers not said here | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | enchant | past · passive | AN ASS | highly property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | ||||
| 5 | desire | gerund | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | ||||||
| 6 | possess not said to happen | to-infinitive | the same charms of melody | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot charm=Theme | |||||
| 7 | demand speech: request | past | what sort of food | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme sort=Precondition | |||||
| 8 | live on | past | Ass | food not said here | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme food=Location | ||||
| 9 | give | to-infinitive | Ass not said here | such beautiful voices | Ass | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient voice=Theme | |||
| 10 | sort | food | nom sort «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/3/20/