Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 1, sentence 36

The Weasel refused, saying that he was by nature the enemy of all birds.

Who acts: Weasel, Grasshopper · What happens: refuse, say, be · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Weasel, Grasshopper), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Weasel	det
2	Weasel	Weasel	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 refused	nsubj
3	refused	refuse	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 saying	punct
5	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 refused	advcl
6	that	that	SCONJ	_	10 nature	mark
7	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 nature	nsubj
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 nature	cop
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 nature	case
10	nature	nature	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 saying	ccomp
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 enemy	det
12	enemy	enemy	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 nature	conj
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 birds	case
14	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	15 birds	det
15	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 enemy	nmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 refused	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	refuse	past	the Weasel		vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent
2	say speech: assert	gerund	the Weasel not said here		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	is	past	Grasshopper	by nature and the enemy of all birds	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/3/36/