Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 2, sentence 51
A DOG lay in a manger, and by his growling and snapping prevented the oxen from eating the hay which had been placed for them.
Who acts: DOG, growling · What happens: lie, prevent, eat, place, growl · To what, where: manger, oxen, hay
This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (DOG, growling), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 DOG | det |
| 2 | DOG | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lay | nsubj |
| 3 | lay | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 manger | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 manger | det |
| 6 | manger | manger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lay | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 prevented | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 prevented | cc |
| 9 | by | by | ADP | _ | 11 growling | case |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 growling | nmod:poss |
| 11 | growling | growling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 prevented | obl |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 prevented | cc |
| 13 | snapping | snap | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 14 prevented | aux:pass |
| 14 | prevented | prevent | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 lay | conj |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 oxen | det |
| 16 | oxen | oxen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 prevented | obj |
| 17 | from | from | SCONJ | _ | 18 eating | mark |
| 18 | eating | eat | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 prevented | advcl |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 hay | det |
| 20 | hay | hay | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 eating | obj |
| 21 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 24 placed | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 placed | aux |
| 23 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 24 placed | aux:pass |
| 24 | placed | place | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 hay | acl:relcl |
| 25 | for | for | ADP | _ | 26 them | case |
| 26 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 placed | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 lay | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lie | past | a DOG | a manger | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in manger=Location | ||||
| 2 | prevent | gerund · passive | Dog's growling | the oxen | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer oxen=Theme | ||||
| 3 | eat | gerund | Dog's growling not said here | the hay | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hay=Patient | ||||
| 4 | place | past · perfect · passive | the hay | for bystanders = bystander | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 5 | growl | Dog | nom growling «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/4/51/