Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 3, sentence 40

But one of them who was exceedingly old (for many a field had he plowed) thus spoke: “These Butchers, it is true, slaughter us, but they do so with skillful hands, and with no unnecessary pain.

Who acts: one, MAN, Butchers · What happens: be, have, plow, speak, slaughter, do · To what, where: us · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, MAN, Butchers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	But	but	CCONJ	_	8 old	cc
2	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 old	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 them	case
4	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 one	nmod
5	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 old	nsubj
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 old	cop
7	exceedingly	exceedingly	ADV	_	8 old	advmod
8	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 spoke	advcl
9	(	(	PUNCT	_	14 had	punct
10	for	for	ADP	_	13 field	case
11	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 field	amod
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 field	det
13	field	field	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 had	obl
14	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 old	parataxis
15	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 plowed	nsubj
16	plowed	plow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 had	xcomp
17	)	)	PUNCT	_	14 had	punct
18	thus	thus	ADV	_	19 spoke	advmod
19	spoke	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
20	:	:	PUNCT	_	27 true	punct
21	“	"	PUNCT	_	27 true	punct
22	These	this	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	23 Butchers	det
23	Butchers	butcher	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 true	nsubj
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 Butchers	punct
25	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 true	nsubj
26	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 true	cop
27	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 spoke	parataxis
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 slaughter	punct
29	slaughter	slaughter	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	27 true	parataxis
30	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	29 slaughter	obj
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 do	punct
32	but	but	CCONJ	_	34 do	cc
33	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	34 do	nsubj
34	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	29 slaughter	conj
35	so	so	ADV	_	34 do	advmod
36	with	with	ADP	_	38 hands	case
37	skillful	skillful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	38 hands	amod
38	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 do	obl
39	,	,	PUNCT	_	44 pain	punct
40	and	and	CCONJ	_	44 pain	cc
41	with	with	ADP	_	44 pain	case
42	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	44 pain	det
43	unnecessary	unnecessary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	44 pain	amod
44	pain	pain	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 spoke	obl
45	.	.	PUNCT	_	19 spoke	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	past	one of Oxen		exceedingly, old property	tree rules
2	have	past			for a many field	tree rules
3	plow	participle	MAN			vn wipe_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
4	speak speech: other	past			with no unnecessary pain; thus property	tree rules
5	is in a quote	present	this Butchers		true property	tree rules
6	slaughter in a quote	infinitive		us		vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Patient
7	do in a quote	present	Butchers = butcher		with skillful hands	vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/5/40/