Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 4, sentence 25
But when he was compelled to grind instead of serving in the wars, he bewailed his change of fortune and called to mind his former state, saying, “Ah!
Who acts: Pride, fortune · What happens: compel, grind, serve, bewail, call, mind · To what, where: Pride, change, former state · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pride, fortune), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 16 bewailed | cc |
| 2 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 compelled | advmod |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 compelled | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 compelled | aux:pass |
| 5 | compelled | compel | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 bewailed | advcl |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 grind | mark |
| 7 | grind | grind | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 compelled | xcomp |
| 8 | instead | instead | ADV | ExtPos=SCONJ | 10 serving | mark |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 instead | fixed |
| 10 | serving | serve | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 grind | advcl |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 wars | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 wars | det |
| 13 | wars | war | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 serving | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 compelled | punct |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 bewailed | nsubj |
| 16 | bewailed | bewail | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 change | nmod:poss |
| 18 | change | change | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 bewailed | obj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 fortune | case |
| 20 | fortune | fortune | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 change | nmod |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 called | cc |
| 22 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 change | acl |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 mind | mark |
| 24 | mind | mind | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 called | xcomp |
| 25 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 state | nmod:poss |
| 26 | former | former | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 state | amod |
| 27 | state | state | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 mind | obj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 saying | punct |
| 29 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 bewailed | advcl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 Ah | punct |
| 31 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 32 Ah | punct |
| 32 | Ah | ah | INTJ | _ | 29 saying | discourse |
| 33 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 16 bewailed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | compel | past · passive | Pride | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result | |||||
| 2 | grind | to-infinitive | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 3 | serve | gerund | in the wars | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent in war=Attribute | |||||
| 4 | bewail | past | Pride | Pride's change of fortune | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer change=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | call | participle | Pride's change of fortune not said here | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | mind | to-infinitive | Pride's former state | vn caring-75.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent state=Theme | |||||
| 7 | say speech: assert | gerund | Pride not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 8 | change | fortune | nom change «event intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/6/25/