Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 4, sentence 59
THE PIGEONS, terrified by the appearance of a Kite, called upon the Hawk to defend them.
What happens: call, defend · To what, where: Pigeons · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | THE | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 PIGEONS | det |
| 2 | PIGEONS | pigeon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 terrified | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 terrified | punct |
| 4 | terrified | terrified | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 appearance | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 appearance | det |
| 7 | appearance | appearance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 terrified | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 Kite | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 Kite | det |
| 10 | Kite | kite | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 appearance | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 called | punct |
| 12 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 terrified | conj |
| 13 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 15 Hawk | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 Hawk | det |
| 15 | Hawk | Hawk | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 called | obl |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 defend | mark |
| 17 | defend | defend | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 called | advcl |
| 18 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 defend | obj |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 terrified | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | participle | upon the Hawk | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | defend | to-infinitive | Pigeons = pigeon | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/6/59/