Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 5, sentence 111
The Ass, observing his trepidation at the mere crowing of a Cock summoned courage to attack him, and galloped after him for that purpose.
Who acts: Ass, mere · What happens: observe, crow, summon, attack, gallop · To what, where: trepidation, mere, Ass
This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ass, mere), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Ass | det |
| 2 | Ass | ass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 galloped | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 observing | punct |
| 4 | observing | observe | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 Ass | acl |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 trepidation | nmod:poss |
| 6 | trepidation | trepidation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 observing | obj |
| 7 | at | at | ADP | _ | 9 mere | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 mere | det |
| 9 | mere | mere | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 observing | obl |
| 10 | crowing | crow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 mere | acl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 Cock | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 Cock | det |
| 13 | Cock | cock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 crowing | obl |
| 14 | summoned | summon | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 courage | amod |
| 15 | courage | courage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 Cock | conj |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 attack | mark |
| 17 | attack | attack | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 crowing | advcl |
| 18 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 attack | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 galloped | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 galloped | cc |
| 21 | galloped | gallop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 22 | after | after | ADP | _ | 23 him | case |
| 23 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 galloped | obl |
| 24 | for | for | ADP | _ | 26 purpose | case |
| 25 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 26 purpose | det |
| 26 | purpose | purpose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 galloped | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 21 galloped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | observe | gerund | the Ass not said here | Ass's trepidation | the mere | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent trepidation=Topic | |||
| 2 | crow | gerund | the mere not said here | of a Cock and summoned courage | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | summon | participle | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | attack | to-infinitive | the mere not said here | Ass | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient | ||||
| 5 | gallop | past | the Ass | after Cock | for that purpose | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/7/111/