Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 5, sentence 119
A Fox passing by asked him why he thus sharpened his teeth when there was no danger threatening from either huntsman or hound.
Who acts: Fox, Boar, danger · What happens: pass by, ask, sharpen, be, threaten · To what, where: Boar, teeth, huntsman
This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fox, Boar, danger), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 Fox | det |
| 2 | Fox | fox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 asked | nsubj |
| 3 | passing | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 Fox | acl |
| 4 | by | by | ADP | _ | 3 passing | fixed |
| 5 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 asked | iobj |
| 7 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 10 sharpened | advmod |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 sharpened | nsubj |
| 9 | thus | thus | ADV | _ | 10 sharpened | advmod |
| 10 | sharpened | sharpen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 asked | conj |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 teeth | nmod:poss |
| 12 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 sharpened | obj |
| 13 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 15 was | advmod |
| 14 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 15 was | expl |
| 15 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 sharpened | advcl |
| 16 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 17 danger | det |
| 17 | danger | danger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 was | nsubj |
| 18 | threatening | threaten | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 17 danger | acl |
| 19 | from | from | ADP | _ | 21 huntsman | case |
| 20 | either | either | DET | PronType=Ind | 21 huntsman | det |
| 21 | huntsman | huntsman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 threatening | obl |
| 22 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 23 hound | cc |
| 23 | hound | hound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 huntsman | conj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pass by | gerund | a Fox not said here | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | past | a Fox | Boar | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | sharpen | past | Boar | Boar's teeth | thus property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient | |||
| 4 | be | past | no danger | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | threaten | gerund | no danger not said here | either huntsman or hound | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/7/119/