Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 6, sentence 23
The driver, seeing him thus stop, laid his whip lustily about his shoulders and said, “O you perverse dull-head! it is not yet come to this, that men pay worship to an Ass.”
Who acts: driver, you, perverse dull head, men · What happens: see, stop, lay, say, head, not be · To what, where: whip, worship · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (driver, you, perverse dull head, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 driver | det |
| 2 | driver | driver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 laid | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 seeing | punct |
| 4 | seeing | see | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 driver | acl |
| 5 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 stop | nsubj |
| 6 | thus | thus | ADV | _ | 7 stop | advmod |
| 7 | stop | stop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 seeing | ccomp |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 driver | punct |
| 9 | laid | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 whip | nmod:poss |
| 11 | whip | whip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 laid | obj |
| 12 | lustily | lustily | ADV | _ | 9 laid | advmod |
| 13 | about | about | ADP | _ | 15 shoulders | case |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 shoulders | nmod:poss |
| 15 | shoulders | shoulder | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 laid | obl |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 said | cc |
| 17 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 laid | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 head | punct |
| 19 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 25 head | punct |
| 20 | O | o | INTJ | _ | 25 head | discourse |
| 21 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 25 head | nsubj |
| 22 | perverse | perverse | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 head | amod |
| 23 | dull | dull | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 head | amod |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 23 dull | punct |
| 25 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 come | nsubj |
| 26 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 25 head | punct |
| 27 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 come | nsubj |
| 28 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 come | cop |
| 29 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 31 come | advmod |
| 30 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 31 come | advmod |
| 31 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 said | ccomp |
| 32 | to | to | ADP | _ | 33 this | case |
| 33 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 31 come | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 pay | punct |
| 35 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 36 men | det |
| 36 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 pay | nsubj |
| 37 | pay | pay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 come | conj |
| 38 | worship | worship | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 pay | obj |
| 39 | to | to | ADP | _ | 41 Ass | case |
| 40 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 Ass | det |
| 41 | Ass | ass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 pay | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 31 come | punct |
| 43 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 laid | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | gerund | the driver not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | stop | present | driver | thus property | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | lay | past | the driver | driver's whip | about driver's shoulders; lustily property | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent whip=Theme about shoulder=Destination | |||
| 4 | say speech: express | past | the driver not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | head in a quote | you | tree rules | ||||||
| 6 | not is in a quote | present | perverse dull head | yet | to this; come property | tree rules | |||
| 7 | pay in a quote | present | that men | worship | to a Ass | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent worship=Asset |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/8/23/