Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 7, sentence 54
“Pray, honest friend,” said a citizen, “is that Ass your own?”
Who acts: Pray · What happens: say, be · To what, where: citizen, Ass · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pray), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Pray | punct |
| 2 | Pray | Pray | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 said | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 friend | punct |
| 4 | honest | honest | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 friend | amod |
| 5 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Pray | appos |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 friend | punct |
| 7 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 friend | punct |
| 8 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 citizen | det |
| 10 | citizen | citizen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 said | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 Ass | punct |
| 12 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 Ass | punct |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 Ass | cop |
| 14 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 15 Ass | mark |
| 15 | Ass | Ass | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 citizen | nmod |
| 16 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 own | nmod:poss |
| 17 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 Ass | amod |
| 18 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
| 19 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: ask | past | Pray | a citizen | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent citizen=Topic | ||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | present | Ass | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/9/54/