Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter I. INTRODUCTORY, part 3, sentence 154
Once upon a time two merchants lived in a certain town just on the verge of a stream.
Who acts: two merchants · What happens: live · To what, where: certain town
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter I. INTRODUCTORY, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (two merchants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 7 lived | advmod |
| 2 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 4 time | case |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 time | det |
| 4 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Once | obl |
| 5 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 6 merchants | nummod |
| 6 | merchants | merchant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 lived | nsubj |
| 7 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 town | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 town | det |
| 10 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 town | amod |
| 11 | town | town | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 lived | obl |
| 12 | just | just | ADV | _ | 15 verge | advmod |
| 13 | on | on | ADP | _ | 15 verge | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 verge | det |
| 15 | verge | verge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 town | nmod |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 stream | case |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 stream | det |
| 18 | stream | stream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 verge | nmod |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 lived | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | past | two merchants | a certain town on the verge of a stream | once property | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in town=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/13/154/