Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter I. INTRODUCTORY, part 3, sentence 80

He chopped away the frozen ground on the top with the axe, and then he took to the shovel.

Who acts: man · What happens: chop away, freeze, take · To what, where: frozen ground, top

This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter I. INTRODUCTORY, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 chopped	nsubj
2	chopped	chop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	away	away	ADV	_	2 chopped	advmod
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 ground	det
5	frozen	freeze	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 ground	amod
6	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 chopped	obj
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 top	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 top	det
9	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 chopped	obl
10	with	with	ADP	_	12 axe	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 axe	det
12	axe	axe	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 top	nmod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 took	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 took	cc
15	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	17 took	advmod
16	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 took	nsubj
17	took	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 chopped	conj
18	to	to	ADP	_	20 shovel	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 shovel	det
20	shovel	shovel	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 took	obl
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 chopped	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	chop away	past	man	the frozen ground	the top with the axe		away property	vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent ground=Patient on top=Location
2	freeze	participle						vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	take	past	man			then	to the shovel result	vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to shovel=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/13/80/