Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter I. INTRODUCTORY, part 6, sentence 132
The story begins with one of the conventional openings of the Skazka--"In a certain _tsarstvo_, in a certain _gosudarstvo_,"--but the two synonyms for "kingdom" or "state" are used only because they rhyme.
Who acts: story, synonyms · What happens: begin, use, rhyme · To what, where: two synonyms
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter I. INTRODUCTORY, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (story, synonyms), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 story | det |
| 2 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 begins | nsubj |
| 3 | begins | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | with | with | ADP | _ | 5 one | case |
| 5 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 begins | obl |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 openings | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 openings | det |
| 8 | conventional | conventional | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 openings | amod |
| 9 | openings | opening | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 one | nmod |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 Skazka | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 Skazka | det |
| 12 | Skazka | Skazka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 openings | nmod |
| 13 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 17 certain | punct |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 certain | punct |
| 15 | In | in | ADP | _ | 17 certain | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 certain | det |
| 17 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 begins | conj |
| 18 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 19 tsarstvo | punct |
| 19 | tsarstvo | tsarstvo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 certain | appos |
| 20 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 19 tsarstvo | punct |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 certain | punct |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 certain | case |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 certain | det |
| 24 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 certain | conj |
| 25 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 26 gosudarstvo | punct |
| 26 | gosudarstvo | gosudarstvo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 certain | appos |
| 27 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 26 gosudarstvo | punct |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 certain | punct |
| 29 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 certain | punct |
| 30 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 44 used | punct |
| 31 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 44 used | cc |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 synonyms | det |
| 33 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 34 synonyms | nummod |
| 34 | synonyms | synonym | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 used | nsubj:pass |
| 35 | for | for | ADP | _ | 37 kingdom | case |
| 36 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 37 kingdom | punct |
| 37 | kingdom | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 synonyms | nmod |
| 38 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 37 kingdom | punct |
| 39 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 41 state | cc |
| 40 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 41 state | punct |
| 41 | state | state | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 kingdom | conj |
| 42 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 41 state | punct |
| 43 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 44 used | aux:pass |
| 44 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 begins | conj |
| 45 | only | only | ADV | _ | 48 rhyme | advmod |
| 46 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 48 rhyme | mark |
| 47 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 48 rhyme | nsubj |
| 48 | rhyme | rhyme | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 44 used | advcl |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 begins | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | present | the story | with one of the conventional openings of the Skazka | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with one=Subeventuality | ||||
| 2 | use | present · passive | the two synonyms for kingdom or state | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 3 | rhyme | present | synonyms = synonym | vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/16/132/