Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter I. INTRODUCTORY, part 6, sentence 143
On his way he happened to pass through a forest, and in the forest there stood an old withered Birch-tree.
Who acts: Two · What happens: happen, pass, stand, wither · To what, where: way, forest, old withered Birch tree
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter I. INTRODUCTORY, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Two), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 3 way | case |
| 2 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 way | nmod:poss |
| 3 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 happened | obl |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 happened | nsubj |
| 5 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 pass | mark |
| 7 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 happened | xcomp |
| 8 | through | through | ADP | _ | 10 forest | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 forest | det |
| 10 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 pass | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 stood | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 stood | cc |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 forest | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 forest | det |
| 15 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 stood | obl |
| 16 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 17 stood | advmod |
| 17 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 happened | conj |
| 18 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 tree | det |
| 19 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 tree | amod |
| 20 | withered | wither | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 tree | amod |
| 21 | Birch | birch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 tree | compound |
| 22 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 21 Birch | punct |
| 23 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 stood | obj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 happened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen | past | Two | Two's way | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | pass | to-infinitive | Two not said here | a forest | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through forest=Location | ||||
| 3 | stand | past | Two not said here | a old withered Birch tree | the forest; there | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent tree=Theme in forest=Destination | |||
| 4 | wither | participle | vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/16/143/