Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter I. INTRODUCTORY, part 7, sentence 109
The Demon began to learn his trade; at the end of a month he knew more about smith's work than his master did himself, was able to do everything that his master couldn't do.
Who acts: Demon, master, smith · What happens: begin, learn, know, be, do, not do · To what, where: trade, more, end, everything
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter I. INTRODUCTORY, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Demon, master, smith), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Demon | det |
| 2 | Demon | Demon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 began | nsubj |
| 3 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 learn | mark |
| 5 | learn | learn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 began | xcomp |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 trade | nmod:poss |
| 7 | trade | trade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 learn | obj |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 knew | punct |
| 9 | at | at | ADP | _ | 11 end | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 end | det |
| 11 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 knew | obl |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 month | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 month | det |
| 14 | month | month | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 end | nmod |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 knew | nsubj |
| 16 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 began | parataxis |
| 17 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 16 knew | obj |
| 18 | about | about | ADP | _ | 21 work | case |
| 19 | smith | smith | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 work | nmod:poss |
| 20 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 19 smith | case |
| 21 | work | work | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 more | obl |
| 22 | than | than | ADP | _ | 24 master | case |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 master | nmod:poss |
| 24 | master | master | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 work | nmod |
| 25 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 work | acl |
| 26 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 25 did | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 able | punct |
| 28 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 able | cop |
| 29 | able | able | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 knew | conj |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 do | mark |
| 31 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 able | xcomp |
| 32 | everything | everything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Tot | 31 do | obj |
| 33 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 38 do | obj |
| 34 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 master | nmod:poss |
| 35 | master | master | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 do | nsubj |
| 36 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 do | aux |
| 37 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 38 do | advmod |
| 38 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 everything | acl:relcl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 began | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | past | the Demon | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | learn | to-infinitive | the Demon not said here | DEMON's trade | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trade=Topic | ||||
| 3 | know | past | DEMON | more | at the end of a month | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer more=Stimulus | |||
| 4 | is | past | DEMON not said here | able property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | do | to-infinitive | DEMON not said here | everything | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everything=Eventuality | ||||
| 6 | not do | could | DEMON's master | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality | |||||
| 7 | trade | DEMON | nom trade «act transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 8 | work | smith | than DEMON's master | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent than=obl |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/17/109/