Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter I. INTRODUCTORY, part 7, sentence 151
If he knew how to do the job, surely you, an old hand, must have learnt how to do it long ago.
Who acts: journeyman · What happens: know, do, learn · To what, where: job, old hand
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter I. INTRODUCTORY, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (journeyman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 3 knew | mark |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 knew | nsubj |
| 3 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 learnt | advcl |
| 4 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 6 do | advmod |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 do | mark |
| 6 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 knew | xcomp |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 job | det |
| 8 | job | job | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 do | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 you | punct |
| 10 | surely | surely | ADV | _ | 11 you | advmod |
| 11 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 6 do | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 knew | punct |
| 13 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 hand | det |
| 14 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 hand | amod |
| 15 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 learnt | obl:unmarked |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 hand | punct |
| 17 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 learnt | aux |
| 18 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 19 learnt | aux |
| 19 | learnt | learn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 20 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 22 do | advmod |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 do | mark |
| 22 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 learnt | xcomp |
| 23 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 do | obj |
| 24 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 25 ago | advmod |
| 25 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 22 do | advmod |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 learnt | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know a condition, not said to happen | past | journeyman | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | do | to-infinitive | journeyman not said here | the job | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | learn | must · perfect | a old hand | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | do | to-infinitive | job | ago property | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/17/151/