Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter I. INTRODUCTORY, part 8, sentence 65
I have generally rendered by "demon," instead of "devil," the word _chort_ when it occurs in stories of this class, as the spirits to which they refer are manifestly akin to those of oriental demonology.
Who acts: I, devil, spirits · What happens: render, occur, refer, be · To what, where: stories
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter I. INTRODUCTORY, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, devil, spirits), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 rendered | nsubj |
| 2 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 rendered | aux |
| 3 | generally | generally | ADV | _ | 4 rendered | advmod |
| 4 | rendered | render | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 demon | case |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 demon | punct |
| 7 | demon | demon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 rendered | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 demon | punct |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 demon | punct |
| 10 | instead | instead | ADV | ExtPos=ADP | 13 devil | case |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 instead | fixed |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 devil | punct |
| 13 | devil | devil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 rendered | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 word | punct |
| 15 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 word | punct |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 word | det |
| 17 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 devil | conj |
| 18 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 19 chort | punct |
| 19 | chort | chort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 devil | conj |
| 20 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 4 rendered | punct |
| 21 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 23 occurs | advmod |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 occurs | nsubj |
| 23 | occurs | occur | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 rendered | parataxis |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 stories | case |
| 25 | stories | story | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 occurs | obl |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 class | case |
| 27 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 28 class | det |
| 28 | class | class | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 stories | nmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 spirits | punct |
| 30 | as | as | ADP | _ | 32 spirits | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 spirits | det |
| 32 | spirits | spirit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 akin | nsubj |
| 33 | to | to | ADP | _ | 34 which | case |
| 34 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 refer | obl |
| 35 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 refer | nsubj |
| 36 | refer | refer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 spirits | acl:relcl |
| 37 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 akin | cop |
| 38 | manifestly | manifestly | ADV | _ | 39 akin | advmod |
| 39 | akin | akin | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 occurs | parataxis |
| 40 | to | to | ADP | _ | 41 those | case |
| 41 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 39 akin | obl |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 demonology | case |
| 43 | oriental | oriental | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 demonology | amod |
| 44 | demonology | demonology | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 those | nmod |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 rendered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | render | present · perfect | I | by demon; instead devil and the word and chort; generally property | vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | occur | present | devil | stories of this class | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in story=Location | ||||
| 3 | refer | present | spirits = spirit | to the spirits | vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to which=Co-Theme | ||||
| 4 | is | present | the spirits | to those; akin, manifestly property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/18/65/