Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter II. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 6, sentence 28
The two elder brothers were unable to lift the rock, but Prince Ivan at the first try flung it against the mountain--and immediately there appeared a ladder leading up the mountain side.
Who acts: two elder brothers, Prince Ivan · What happens: be, lift, fling, appear, lead up · To what, where: rock, mountain, ladder, mountain side
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter II. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (two elder brothers, Prince Ivan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 brothers | det |
| 2 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 brothers | nummod |
| 3 | elder | elder | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 brothers | amod |
| 4 | brothers | brother | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 unable | nsubj |
| 5 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 unable | cop |
| 6 | unable | unable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 lift | mark |
| 8 | lift | lift | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 unable | xcomp |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 rock | det |
| 10 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 lift | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 flung | punct |
| 12 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 19 flung | cc |
| 13 | Prince | Prince | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Ivan | compound |
| 14 | Ivan | Ivan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 flung | nsubj |
| 15 | at | at | ADP | _ | 18 try | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 try | det |
| 17 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 18 try | amod |
| 18 | try | try | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 Ivan | nmod |
| 19 | flung | fling | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 unable | conj |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 flung | obj |
| 21 | against | against | ADP | _ | 23 mountain | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 mountain | det |
| 23 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 flung | obl |
| 24 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 28 appeared | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 appeared | cc |
| 26 | immediately | immediately | ADV | _ | 27 there | advmod |
| 27 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 28 appeared | advmod |
| 28 | appeared | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 unable | parataxis |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 ladder | det |
| 30 | ladder | ladder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 appeared | obj |
| 31 | leading | lead | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 28 appeared | advcl |
| 32 | up | up | ADP | _ | 31 leading | compound:prt |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 side | det |
| 34 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 side | compound |
| 35 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 leading | obl:unmarked |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 unable | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the two elder brothers | unable property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | lift | to-infinitive | the two elder brothers not said here | the rock | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rock=Theme | ||||
| 3 | fling | past | Prince Ivan at the first try | rock | the mountain | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent it=Theme against mountain=Destination | |||
| 4 | appear | past | a ladder | there | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location ladder=Theme | ||||
| 5 | lead up | gerund | the mountain side | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/24/28/