Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter II. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 7, sentence 3
Her youngest son climbs the hill by the aid of iron hooks, kills Vikhor, and lowers his mother and three other ladies whom he has rescued, by means of a rope made of strips of hide.
Who acts: youngest son · What happens: climb, kill, lower, rescue, mean, make · To what, where: hill, Vikhor, mother, three other ladies, rope
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter II. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (youngest son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 son | nmod:poss |
| 2 | youngest | young | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 3 son | amod |
| 3 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 climbs | nsubj |
| 4 | climbs | climb | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 hill | det |
| 6 | hill | hill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 climbs | obj |
| 7 | by | by | ADP | _ | 9 aid | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 aid | det |
| 9 | aid | aid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 climbs | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 hooks | case |
| 11 | iron | iron | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 hooks | compound |
| 12 | hooks | hook | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 aid | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 kills | punct |
| 14 | kills | kill | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 climbs | conj |
| 15 | Vikhor | Vikhor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 kills | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 lowers | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 lowers | cc |
| 18 | lowers | lower | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 climbs | parataxis |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 mother | nmod:poss |
| 20 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 lowers | obj |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 ladies | cc |
| 22 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 24 ladies | nummod |
| 23 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 ladies | amod |
| 24 | ladies | lady | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 mother | conj |
| 25 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 rescued | nsubj:pass |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 rescued | nsubj:pass |
| 27 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 rescued | aux |
| 28 | rescued | rescue | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 ladies | acl:relcl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 means | punct |
| 30 | by | by | ADP | _ | 31 means | case |
| 31 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 lowers | conj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 rope | case |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 rope | det |
| 34 | rope | rope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 means | obl |
| 35 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 34 rope | acl |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 strips | case |
| 37 | strips | strip | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 made | obl |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 hide | case |
| 39 | hide | hide | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 strips | nmod |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 climbs | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | climb | present | Koshchei's youngest son | the hill | by the aid of iron hooks | tree rules | |||
| 2 | kill | present | Koshchei's youngest son not said here | Vikhor | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vikhor=Theme | ||||
| 3 | lower | present | son's mother and three other ladies | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mother=Theme | |||||
| 4 | rescue | present · perfect · passive | three other ladies | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 5 | mean | present | of a rope | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | make | participle | a rope not said here | of strips of hide | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/25/3/