Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter III. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 2, sentence 20
There was only one person singing, yet two voices could be heard.
Who acts: one person · What happens: be, sing, hear · To what, where: two voices
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter III. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one person), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 was | expl |
| 2 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | only | only | ADV | _ | 4 one | advmod |
| 4 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 person | nummod |
| 5 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 was | nsubj |
| 6 | singing | sing | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 person | acl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 heard | punct |
| 8 | yet | yet | CCONJ | _ | 13 heard | cc |
| 9 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 voices | nummod |
| 10 | voices | voice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 heard | nsubj:pass |
| 11 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 13 heard | aux |
| 12 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 13 heard | aux:pass |
| 13 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 was | conj |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 was | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | one person | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | sing speech: express | gerund | one person not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | hear | could · passive | two voices | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/36/20/