Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter III. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 4, sentence 117
The Dnieper, Volga, and Dvina used once to be living people.
Who acts: Dnieper · What happens: use, be · To what, where: living people
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter III. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dnieper), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Dnieper | det |
| 2 | Dnieper | Dnieper | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 used | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 Volga | punct |
| 4 | Volga | Volga | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Dnieper | conj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 used | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 used | cc |
| 7 | Dvina | Dvina | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 used | nsubj |
| 8 | used | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 8 used | advmod |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 people | mark |
| 11 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 13 people | cop |
| 12 | living | living | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 people | amod |
| 13 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 used | advcl |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 used | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | past | the Dnieper and Volga | once property | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | is a | to-infinitive | the Dnieper and Volga not said here | living people | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/38/117/