Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter III. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 4, sentence 146
On the banks of this brook, a long time ago, a certain man set up a mill, and the fish came and implored the stream to grant them its aid, saying, "We used to have room enough and be at our ease, but now an evil man is taking away the water from us."
Who acts: certain man, fish, We, evil man · What happens: set up, come, implore, grant, say, use · To what, where: mill, banks, stream, room, ease, water · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter III. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (certain man, fish, We, evil man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 3 banks | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 banks | det |
| 3 | banks | bank | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 came | obl |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 brook | case |
| 5 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 6 brook | det |
| 6 | brook | brook | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 banks | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 time | punct |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 time | det |
| 9 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 time | amod |
| 10 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 brook | appos |
| 11 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 10 time | advmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 man | punct |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 man | det |
| 14 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 man | amod |
| 15 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 brook | conj |
| 16 | set | set | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 man | acl |
| 17 | up | up | ADP | _ | 16 set | compound:prt |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 mill | det |
| 19 | mill | mill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 set | obj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 came | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 came | cc |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 fish | det |
| 23 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 came | nsubj |
| 24 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 implored | cc |
| 26 | implored | implore | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 came | conj |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 stream | det |
| 28 | stream | stream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 implored | obj |
| 29 | to | to | PART | _ | 30 grant | mark |
| 30 | grant | grant | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 implored | advcl |
| 31 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 grant | obj |
| 32 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 aid | nmod:poss |
| 33 | aid | aid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 grant | obj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 saying | punct |
| 35 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 26 implored | advcl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 used | punct |
| 37 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 39 used | punct |
| 38 | We | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 39 used | nsubj |
| 39 | used | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 saying | ccomp |
| 40 | to | to | PART | _ | 41 have | mark |
| 41 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 39 used | xcomp |
| 42 | room | room | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 have | obj |
| 43 | enough | enough | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 room | amod |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 ease | cc |
| 45 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 48 ease | cop |
| 46 | at | at | ADP | _ | 48 ease | case |
| 47 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 48 ease | nmod:poss |
| 48 | ease | ease | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 have | conj |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 56 taking | punct |
| 50 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 56 taking | cc |
| 51 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 56 taking | advmod |
| 52 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 54 man | det |
| 53 | evil | evil | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 54 man | amod |
| 54 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 56 taking | nsubj |
| 55 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 56 taking | aux |
| 56 | taking | take | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 39 used | advcl |
| 57 | away | away | ADV | _ | 56 taking | advmod |
| 58 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 59 water | det |
| 59 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 56 taking | obj |
| 60 | from | from | ADP | _ | 61 us | case |
| 61 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 56 taking | obl |
| 62 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 24 came | punct |
| 63 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 24 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | set up | participle | a certain man not said here | a mill | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient mill=Result | ||||
| 2 | come | past | the fish | the banks of this brook and a certain man | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on bank=Location | ||||
| 3 | implore | past | the fish not said here | the stream | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stream=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | grant | to-infinitive | the fish not said here | banks = bank | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent they=Goal aid=Theme | ||||
| 5 | say speech: assert | gerund | the fish not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | use in a quote | past | We | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 7 | have in a quote | to-infinitive | We not said here | room | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent room=Patient | ||||
| 8 | is in a quote | infinitive | We not said here | our ease | tree rules | ||||
| 9 | take away in a quote | present · progressive | a evil man | the water | now | from us; away property | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent water=Theme from we=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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