Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter III. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 6, sentence 47

Sometimes the Frost is described by the people as a mighty smith who forges strong chains with which to bind the earth and the waters--as in the saying "The Old One has built a bridge without axe and without knife," _i.e._, the river is frozen over.

Who acts: people, mighty smith, saying · What happens: describe, forge, bind, build, freeze over · To what, where: Frost, strong chains, earth, Old One, river

This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter III. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, mighty smith, saying), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sometimes	sometimes	ADV	PronType=Ind	5 described	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Frost	det
3	Frost	frost	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 described	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 described	aux:pass
5	described	describe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 people	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 people	det
8	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 described	obl
9	as	as	ADP	_	12 smith	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 smith	det
11	mighty	mighty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 smith	amod
12	smith	smith	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 described	obl
13	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 forges	nsubj
14	forges	forge	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 smith	acl:relcl
15	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 chains	amod
16	chains	chain	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 forges	obj
17	with	with	ADP	_	18 which	case
18	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	20 bind	obl
19	to	to	PART	_	20 bind	mark
20	bind	bind	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 chains	acl
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 earth	det
22	earth	earth	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 bind	obj
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 waters	cc
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 waters	det
25	waters	water	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 earth	conj
26	--	--	PUNCT	_	30 saying	punct
27	as	as	ADP	_	30 saying	case
28	in	in	ADP	_	30 saying	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 saying	det
30	saying	saying	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 bind	conj
31	"	"	PUNCT	_	36 built	punct
32	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 One	det
33	Old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 One	amod
34	One	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 built	nsubj:pass
35	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	36 built	aux
36	built	build	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	30 saying	acl
37	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	38 bridge	det
38	bridge	bridge	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 built	obj
39	without	without	ADP	_	40 axe	case
40	axe	axe	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 built	obl
41	and	and	CCONJ	_	43 knife	cc
42	without	without	ADP	_	43 knife	case
43	knife	knife	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 axe	conj
44	,	,	PUNCT	_	53 frozen	punct
45	"	"	PUNCT	_	53 frozen	punct
46	_	_	PUNCT	_	53 frozen	punct
47	i.e.	i.e.	ADV	_	53 frozen	advmod
48	_	_	PUNCT	_	47 i.e.	punct
49	,	,	PUNCT	_	53 frozen	punct
50	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	51 river	det
51	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	53 frozen	nsubj:pass
52	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	53 frozen	aux:pass
53	frozen	freeze	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	30 saying	acl
54	over	over	ADV	_	53 frozen	advmod
55	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 described	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	describe	present · passive	the people	the Frost	as a mighty smith; sometimes property	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent subject=Theme as smith=Attribute
2	forge	present	a mighty smith	strong chains		vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chain=Product
3	bind	to-infinitive	a mighty smith not said here	the earth and the waters	with strong chains	vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent earth=Patient with which=Co-Patient
4	build in a quote	present · perfect · passive	the saying not said here	the Old One	without axe and knife	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary bridge=Product
5	freeze over	present · passive	the saying not said here	the river	i.e., over property	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/40/47/